Criterion F: Making choices for commercial production

NB: Criteria E and F will need to be completed in tandem.  Criterion F aspect/strand (iii), the scale and volume of production, will affect the modelling in Criterion E aspect/strand (i), modification of the design prototype for commercial production, for example if the scale of production is mass/volume then most likely injection moulding could be the mode of production and plastic the material – therefore the design/prototype will need to be changed to include draft angles for the mould.


F (i) Justifies the choice of materials and components appropriate for commercial production.

  • Identification of materials and components for commercial production.
  • Justification of choice of each material and component based on the required properties and characteristics.
    • This is similar to aspect/strand Criterion C (i).
      • Explain your choice and why the material is most appropriate.
      • Valid reasons for your choice is needed.
      • These need to be justified with regards to properties (physical, mechanical and aesthetic), cost, supply, ease of (in combination with chosen) manufacture, and so on.
    • Components considering assemblies and sub-assemblies.

Other aspects to consider …

  • This can be done in a table format. It will easier to work with.
  • Part name, component/material/manufacturing justification
  • Include images where appropriate.
  • The evidence for achievement against this strand should be presented in approximately one A4 page or the equivalent, and approximately 350 words.

F(ii) Justifies the choice of manufacturing techniques appropriate for commercial production.

  • Identification of manufacturing techniques for commercial production
  • Justification of choice of each manufacturing technique based on the requirements of the commercial product.
    • Justified and valid reasons for your choice is needed.
    • Why did you choose one manufacturing technique over another.
    • ie Injection moulding for ABS (match the technique with the material and its properties), also, it is cost effective for volume production.
    • These need to be justified with regards to properties (physical, mechanical and aesthetic), cost, supply, ease of manufacture, assembly, quality control and so on.
    • Scale of production and productions runs need to be considered and paired with appropriate manufacturing techniques.

Other aspects to consider …

  • The evidence for achievement against this strand should be presented in approximately one A4 page or the equivalent, and approximately 350 words.


F (iii) Justifies an appropriate scale and volume of production, based on appropriate research and suitability for the product.

The only required evidence for this strand is:

  • Identification of the scale and volume of production.
    • Clearly state the intended scale and volume of production (e.g. one-off, batch, mass, continuous or mass customisation).
    • Explain and justify you selection (see below).
  • Justification of why this is appropriate.
    • Explain and justify your selection.
    • Potential Market (size):
      • This will help to determine the scale/volume of production.
      • There are various online business/invention calculators available. Invention calculator is an example of one.
      • In Criterion A, if you established a wider/secondary market – investigate this further.
      • Research your competitors, market trends, etc.
      • Corporate strategies could influence (if appropriate) your choice of scale of production. To gain market edge.
    • most suited for your product based on cost, JIT/JIC supply, physical or mechanical properties etc.
    • Consider (if needed) economic viability (fixed/vairable costs and break even point) and economies of scale.

Other aspects to consider …

The evidence for achievement against this strand should be presented in approximately one A4 page or the equivalent, and approximately 300 words.


  • Decisions on scale of production are influenced by the volume or quantities required, types of materials used to make the products and the type of product being manufactured. There are also considerations of staffing, resources and finance.

  •   Various factors that affect the volume of production—availability of natural resources and raw materials, technology, availability of capital, transport facilities, political conditions, climate, policies of the government, labour and market. These are some of the critical factors, you may consider more if applicable.

Design Tech for IB students